Hay fever (Allergic Rhinitis)
Hay fever is a common allergic reaction to environmental triggers like pollen, dust, or pet hair. It causes cold-like symptoms such as sneezing and itchy eyes but is not caused by a virus.
Overview
Hay fever is a common allergic reaction to environmental triggers like pollen, dust, or pet hair. It causes cold-like symptoms such as sneezing and itchy eyes but is not caused by a virus.
Symptoms
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Causes
- •Pollen from trees, grass, and weeds
- •Dust mites and mold spores naps
- •Animal dander
Risk factors
- •Family history of allergies or asthma
- •Having other allergic conditions like eczema
- •Living or working in an environment with high allergen exposure
How it progresses
3 stages- OnsetSymptoms appear, often triggered by a known cause.Often missed
- Active phaseSymptoms peak; self-care or short treatment usually helps.
- ResolutionSymptoms ease over days to weeks with proper care.
How it's diagnosed
- •Physical examination of nasal passages
- •Skin prick allergy testing
- •Specific IgE blood tests
Treatment options
General educational information only — no dosage advice. Always follow guidance from a qualified clinician.
- •Over-the-counter antihistamines
- •Corticosteroid nasal sprays
- •Decongestant medications
- •Immunotherapy (allergy shots) for severe cases
- •Keeping windows closed during peak pollen times
- •Using a HEPA air filter indoors
- •Showering and changing clothes after being outside
- •Applying petroleum jelly around the nostrils to trap pollen
Complications
- •Reduced quality of life
- •Worsening symptoms over time
- •Recurrence of hay fever (allergic rhinitis)
Prevention
- •Maintain a healthy lifestyle
- •See a clinician for routine check-ups
When to seek help
- •Symptoms persist beyond a few days
- •Symptoms interfere with daily activities
- •New or worsening symptoms appear
- •Concerning changes related to hay fever (allergic rhinitis)
- Difficulty breathing or wheezing
- Sudden facial or throat swelling
- Severe sinus pain or pressure
- Symptoms that do not respond to over-the-counter medication
In any emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department.
Real-world questions
- ›Can Hay fever (Allergic Rhinitis) cause headaches?
- ›Is Hay fever (Allergic Rhinitis) reversible?
- ›How quickly does Hay fever (Allergic Rhinitis) progress?
- ›Is Hay fever (Allergic Rhinitis) hereditary?
- ›Can Hay fever (Allergic Rhinitis) be prevented?
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Frequently asked questions
Possible causes of Hay fever (Allergic Rhinitis) include Pollen from trees, grass, and weeds, Dust mites and mold spores naps, Animal dander.
Hay fever (Allergic Rhinitis) is generally mild, but severity can vary. Seek care if symptoms are severe or persistent.
Duration varies between individuals. Many cases improve with appropriate care, while others may persist longer and require ongoing management.
Some milder cases may improve with rest and self-care. If symptoms persist or worsen, consult a healthcare professional.
Consider seeing a clinician if symptoms are severe, persistent, worsening, or if you have any concerns related to general.
Sources
Information based on general medical references such as:
Last reviewed: May 2026