Bursitis
Bursitis is the painful inflammation of small, fluid-filled sacs called bursae that cushion the joints. It most commonly affects the shoulder, elbow, hip, or knee, causing localized swelling and stiffness.
Overview
Bursitis is the painful inflammation of small, fluid-filled sacs called bursae that cushion the joints. It most commonly affects the shoulder, elbow, hip, or knee, causing localized swelling and stiffness.
Symptoms
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Causes
- •Repetitive strain or overuse
- •Sudden injury or impact
- •Prolonged pressure on a joint
- •Underlying inflammatory conditions like gout or rheumatoid arthritis
Risk factors
- •Advancing age
- •Occupations requiring repetitive motion
- •Hobbies like gardening, painting, or playing instruments
- •Medical conditions like diabetes or obesity
How it progresses
3 stages- OnsetSymptoms appear, often triggered by a known cause.Often missed
- Active phaseSymptoms peak; self-care or short treatment usually helps.
- ResolutionSymptoms ease over days to weeks with proper care.
How it's diagnosed
- •Physical examination of joint range and swelling
- •Review of medical history and activity levels
- •Imaging tests such as X-rays or ultrasound
- •Fluid aspiration for lab testing
Treatment options
General educational information only — no dosage advice. Always follow guidance from a qualified clinician.
- •Physical therapy to strengthen supporting muscles
- •Corticosteroid injections to reduce inflammation
- •Antibiotics if the bursa is infected
- •Resting and protecting the affected area
- •Applying ice packs to reduce swelling
- •Elevating the joint above heart level
- •Using over-the-counter anti-inflammatory medication
- •Assistive devices like braces or canes
Complications
- •Reduced quality of life
- •Worsening symptoms over time
- •Recurrence of bursitis
Prevention
- •Maintain a healthy lifestyle
- •See a clinician for routine check-ups
When to seek help
- •Symptoms persist beyond a few days
- •Symptoms interfere with daily activities
- •New or worsening symptoms appear
- •Concerning changes related to bursitis
- Inability to move the joint at all
- Fever or chills accompanying joint pain
- Redness and warmth spreading around the joint
- Severe, sharp pain even at rest
In any emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department.
Real-world questions
- ›Can Bursitis cause headaches?
- ›Is Bursitis reversible?
- ›How quickly does Bursitis progress?
- ›Is Bursitis hereditary?
- ›Can Bursitis be prevented?
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Frequently asked questions
Possible causes of Bursitis include Repetitive strain or overuse, Sudden injury or impact, Prolonged pressure on a joint, Underlying inflammatory conditions like gout or rheumatoid arthritis.
Bursitis is generally moderate, but severity can vary. Seek care if symptoms are severe or persistent.
Duration varies between individuals. Many cases improve with appropriate care, while others may persist longer and require ongoing management.
Some milder cases may improve with rest and self-care. If symptoms persist or worsen, consult a healthcare professional.
Consider seeing a clinician if symptoms are severe, persistent, worsening, or if you have any concerns related to general.
Sources
Information based on general medical references such as:
Last reviewed: May 2026